Using your knowledge from the textbook and/or lecture notes, answer each question by typing your response in the space provided below. For each question, your answer should be one or more healthy paragraphs (Your total answer should be at least 200 words or more)

1.	The information-processing of memory is one of the best-known models in all of 	psychology. Describe the three stages of memory and their characteristics. 	Explain how the three-stage model of memory might explain the famous serial 	position effect. 

     

2.	What is iconic memory? Describe what it is and how it works. Be sure to include 	a description of Sperling’s experiment, which was used to demonstrate and 	investigate iconic memory.

     

3.	What is meant by a flashbulb memory? Describe its characteristics. Give an 	example that is well-known. Some psychologists are not impressed by these 	well-known examples of this phenomenon. What are some of the criticisms of the 	idea of flashbulb memory?

     

4.	Let’s say you are a defense attorney and are defending a client on a murder 	charge. The victim was found in a dark alley. A witness had a glimpse of a 	shadowy figure standing over the body. The police thoroughly interrogate the 	witness and arrest a young man. The man has an alibi. There is no other 	evidence against him, except that of the witness. The witness is positive. What 	factors may lead you to doubt this strong testimony of the witness? Pretend you 	are the defense attorney and, with your knowledge of the problems with 	eyewitness testimony and memory, tell the jury why they should be doubtful of 	the witness. 

     

5.	The other day, you had to remember some items for an important exam. You are 	sure you studied them and knew them before you entered the classroom. 	However, you drew a blank when you took the test. What happened? Why might 	you not have remembered them? What might you have done to avoid this?

1.	Explain the techniques used when someone tries to solve a problem. How might 	a person be blocked in trying to find a solution?

     

2.	Agatha Harkness-Smythe is determined to ban guns in the United States. This is 	a controversial topic and social scientists have debated whether the ownership of 	guns by citizens increases or decreases crime. Agatha could go the library and 	research this, using the social science literature. Instead, Agatha just reads the 	local newspaper and only cuts out articles about robberies where the “bad guy” 	used a firearm. Agatha is using a heuristic device that is impeding or obstructing 	her thinking. Define this heuristic device. What might be a better way for her to 	examine the issue and avoid this mistake?

     

3.	It is commonly thought that people who are “gifted” have various physical, 	psychological, and personality problems. What is really known about this 	common idea, and what did a famous study learn about the gifted?

     

4.	Discuss how heredity is related to intelligence and IQ scores. What is the 	controversy about the role of race and ethnicity in IQ and intelligence? Evaluate 	the claims of those who think race is related to IQ and intelligence.

     
5.	What is the definition of language? What is the evidence, pro and con, as to 	whether nonhuman animals have a capacity for language?