Phil written questions

Answer the following reflection questions. Each answer should be 400-600 words long. (2x10 points each: 20 points total) Question 1: The following passage appears in Section 6 of Book II: "If it is thus, then, that every art does its work well- by looking to the intermediate and judging its works by this standard (so that we often say of good works of art that it is not possible either to take away or to add anything, implying that excess and defect destroy the goodness of works of art, while the mean preserves it; and good artists, as we say, look to this in their work), and if, further, virtue is more exact and better than any art, as nature also is, then virtue must have the quality of aiming at the intermediate. I mean moral virtue; for it is this that is concerned with passions and actions, and in these there is excess, defect, and the intermediate. For instance, both fear and confidence and appetite and anger and pity and in general pleasure and pain may be felt both too much and too little, and in both cases not well; but to feel them at the right times, with reference to the right objects, towards the right people, with the right motive, and in the right way, is what is both intermediate and best, and this is characteristic of virtue. Similarly with regard to actions also there is excess, defect, and the intermediate. Now virtue is concerned with passions and actions, in which excess is a form of failure, and so is defect, while the intermediate is praised and is a form of success; and being praised and being successful are both characteristics of virtue. Therefore virtue is a kind of mean, since, as we have seen, it aims at what is intermediate. Again, it is possible to fail in many ways ... while to succeed is possible only in one way (for which reason also one is easy and the other difficult- to miss the mark easy, to hit it difficult); for these reasons also, then, excess and defect are characteristic of vice, and the mean of virtue; For men are good in but one way, but bad in many." Observe the doctor in the short story "The Use of Force," as well as the doctor in the clip, below. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6m-9itperOw Doctor gives shot Referring to the above passage from Aristotle, write an argument about whether the doctor in the "Use of Force" exhibits virtue. Question 2: According to Aristotle, the virtues are human excellences, or states of character that allow human beings to handle different situations well. In Book II.7, Aristotle lists a handful of virtues, including generosity, temperance (control over appetites), courage, righteous anger, wittiness, and friendliness. He goes on to provide detailed descriptions of the virtues of courage and temperance, including when and why they are necessary, what the person who has them is like, and what the excesses and deficiencies of each virtues are. Presumably, though, these are not the only virtues that exist. The notion of virtue should be relevant to all sorts of issues that face human beings in our time, as well. Select one of the arenas of human life, below. Explain the situation and why we need virtue to be able to handle it well. Describe in detail the virtue(s) and corresponding vices that are relevant to that domain. Discuss how the virtues you selected would improve the situation. Give specific examples if possible. Note: you aren't limited to the virtues that Aristotle talks about. You are encouraged to think for yourself about the most relevant virtue for the situation. 1. Global climate change 2. Social media 3. COVID-19 4. Another topic of your choosing