Planet Formation & Evolution QUIZ

Please CITE WITH APA Question 1 In your own words, explain how astronomers use the chemical compositions of objects in the Solar System to investigate how the Solar System formed and evolved. Include three specific examples to help convey/support your main ideas. Answer in ~2 paragraphs. Question 2 During which step of solar system formation does the kinetic energy (that is, the energy of motion) of particles convert to thermal energy? Select one: a. condensing b. flattening c. spinning d. heating Question 3 The overall organization of our Solar system and the patterns it displays all point toward a single formation, an ancient event dating about __________ years ago. Select one: a. 2.8 million years b. 4.6 million years c. 1.6 billion years d. 4.6 billion years Question 4 Why is Earth's moon considered an "exception to the rule" in solar system patterns? Select one: a. Earth's moon has no atmosphere. b. Earth's moon orbits on an elliptical orbit around Earth. c. Earth's moon orbits in the opposite direction of Earth orbiting the sun. d. Earth's moon is one of the largest in the solar system, with no other comparison among the other terrestrial planets. Question 5 OpenStax Astronomy presents a multi-step process for the formation of the Solar System. Explain each step in this process in your own words, as if you're sharing this information with a friend (pretend your friend hasn't taken an astronomy class and therefore isn't familiar with most of the astronomy-related vocabulary and jargon). In your explanation, be sure to indicate when the Solar System formed. Answer in 1-2 paragraphs. Question 6 Where did most of the interplanetary fragments in the outer solar system get flung to by the larger gas planets? Select one: a. Kuiper belt b. Oort cloud c. asteroid belt d. as orbiting moons Question 7 Scientists use many different methods to study the formation and evolution of the Solar System and planets. Select three of these methods and describe them in your own words. Describe the specific discoveries that have been made via each approach. Then, describe at least one question that scientists are still trying to answer regarding the Solar System's formation and evolution and the methods/technologies they're using to do so. NOTE: This is an extended essay question worth 40 points. Your response should be formatted as a multi-paragraph essay with attention to essay structure, grammar mechanics, and APA formatting. Please include an introduction, a conclusion, and 3-4 body paragraphs. Include in-text citations and references. At least two of your references should come from the lesson materials. Embed Kaltura Media Question 8 Explain how the motions of planets and other objects in the Solar System offer clues about how the Solar System formed. Why are these motion-related constraints so important to our understanding of Solar System formation and evolution? Include examples of specific motion-related constraints in your discussion. Answer in your own words in 1-2 paragraphs. Question 9 Which theory describes the birth of a solar system? Select one: a. Big Bang Theory b. Condensation Theory c. Solar Nebula Theory d. Theory of Relativity Clear my choice Question 10 Which of these planetary bodies is icy in composition? Select one: a. comets b. Earth's satellite c. dwarf planets d. asteroids Question 11 Compare and contrast comets and asteroids. Include a comparison of their compositions. Why is the study of comets and asteroids important? Answer in your own words in 1-2 paragraphs. Question 12 Which is the correct order of planetary object class during their formation? Select one: a. planetesimals, protoplanets, planets b. planets, planetesimals, protoplanets c. planetesimals, planets, protoplanets d. protoplanets, planetesimals, planets Clear my choice Question 13 The eight major planets' orbits have _______ eccentricities. Select one: a. low b. high c. elliptical d. evenly spaced Clear my choice Question 14 First, list the terrestrial planets. Next, describe the general process by which all of the terrestrial planets formed. Finally, select any one of the terrestrial planets and describe the specific processes by which it formed and evolved. That is, what are this planet's unique characteristics, and how are they explained by the planet's formation process? Answer in your own words in ~2 paragraphs. Question 15 Of the following processes, which one occurred last during the formation of the Solar System and planets? Select one: a. Accretion and formation of planetesimals b. Collapse of solar nebula c. Planetary differentiation d. Rotation of solar nebula Question 16 Which of the following is an example of a terrestrial planet? Select one: a. Mercury b. Neptune c. Saturn d. Jupiter Clear my choice Question 17 According to the videos in Multimedia 3.2, what is the James Webb Space Telescope, and when is it expected to launch? How will the JWST help elucidate how planets form? Answer in your own words in 1-2 paragraphs, and be specific. Question 18 Jovian planets were born from solid "seeds" of mostly _______ Select one: a. metal. b. rock. c. ice. d. gas. Question 19 Planetesimals beyond the orbit of _______ failed to accumulate into a protoplanet because the gravitational field of _______ continuously disturbed their motion. Select one: a. Neptune, Uranus b. Jupiter, Mars c. Mars, Jupiter d. Earth, Saturn Clear my choice Question 20 What are three similarities and one difference between all of the terrestrial planets? What are three similarities and one difference between all of the Jovian planets? Be specific. Answer in your own words in 1-2 paragraphs. Question 21 Our solar system began forming about 4.6 billion years ago within a concentration of interstellar dust and _______ Select one: a. water ice. b. oxygen gas. c. hydrogen gas. d. carbon dioxide. Clear my choice Question 22 At approximately how far away from the sun did water condense into solid form during planet formation? Select one: a. 1 AU b. 5 AU c. 15 AU d. 20 AU Question 23 Describe three things we can learn about the formation of our own Solar System through the observation and study of other planetary systems. Be specific. Answer in your own words in 1-2 paragraphs. Question 24 In your own words, briefly describe what accretion is. What role did accretion play in the formation of the Solar System? What is some of the evidence for accretion? Answer in ~1 paragraph. Question 25 Which of the terrestrial planets experiences surface temperatures greater than 740K? Select one: a. Venus b. Earth c. Mars d. Mercury