Instruction
1.State and explain clearly and completely the re-stated version of the Greatest Happiness Principle of Mill. In explaining this restated version, point out the specific areas it has in common(at least 3 similarities)with the Principle of Utility of Bentham, and the specific areas in which it is different(at least 3 differences)from the Principle of Utility of Bentham.(20 points
2.Reconstruct Mill’s reply to each of the following objections brought up against utilitarianism:2A.that the principle of utility or the greatest happiness principle is a swinish doctrine.(7.5 points)2B. that the utilitarian doctrine is incompatible with the Christian doctrine of self-sacrifice.(7.5 points)2C. that it is asking too much to require people always to act for the sake of promoting the general interest 2D. that there is no time, previous to action, for calculating and weighing the effects of any line of conduct on the general happiness.(7.5 points)
3.What does Sartre mean by the statement “Existence precedes essence”? To what kind of being does Sartre apply this statement? Does Sartre apply this statement to beings like the paper-cutter? Why is that so?(15 points)
4.Based on the existentialism of Sartre, explain fully and clearly each of the following statements(15 points):4A.Human beings are not ready-made.4B.Human beings are in anguish.4C.Human beings are abandoned.(Note: Be sure to discuss here the 3 levels of meaning of abandonment for Sartre)4D. Human beings should act as if in despair or without hope.
5A. Discuss at least 3 charges made against existentialism, and the reply of Sartre to each of those charges.(5 points) 5B. Give at least 2 reasons why Sartre says his existentialism is a humanism.(5 points)
6. Differentiate between(10 points) A.The 2 kinds of existentialists according to Sartre B.pour-soi and en-soi (Sartre) C.The hedonic calculus of Bentham and the competent judge of Mil D.The moral world of Bentham and Mill and the moral world of Kant