Instruction
Hello class, my presentation today is about Ralph Waldo Emerson. Specifically an analysis on the major themes of his lecture, The American Scholar ,the Address he made at the Harvard Divinity School in 1838. Before getting into the text, it’s important to mention how his impact on American literature and culture inspired American writers and European intellectuals of his own time like Walt Whitman, Emily Dickinson, and Friedrich Nietzsche. He was a lecturer, poet, essayist, and the leading exponent of New England Transcendentalism. He believed in trusting one’s instinct and intuition, as he saw them as the source of truth. Truth was not in books but within ourselves. He argues that books of the past do not fit the present and that “each age must write its own books” in order to let out their inner light and spiritual discoveries. Being connected to Nature and the Universe was important to have a sense of wholeness and a strong independence as an individual. “Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your mind.” This view led Emerson to write American Scholar in order to shed light on the fact that religious traditions were not letting individuals find their own self discovery or religious fulfillment.
One theme in the lecture that I found really interesting was the idea of “Man Thinking” turning into a mere thinker and how he relates this to our colleges even today. He believes that the theory of books is noble but that every book is inevitably a partial truth, biased by society's standards when it was written. Each age must create its own books and find its own truths for itself. A quote that expresses this idea is, “The book, the college, the school of art, the institution of any kind, stop with some past utterance of genius. This is good, say they,-- let us hold by this. They pin me down. They look backward and not forward. But genius looks forward --- man hopes: genius creates. In Emerson’s view, books are dangerous because it discourages individuals from creating their own ideas. Instead, “we do not make a world of our own but fall into institutions already made and have to accommodate ourselves to them to be useful at all.” Emerson states that by giving too much respect to the original ideas of past philosophers we are discouraged from exploring new ideas and seeking individualized truths. “Meek young men grow up in libraries, believing it their duty to accept the views of Cicero, which Locke, which Bacon, have given; forgetful that Cicero, Locke, and Bacon were only young men in libraries when they wrote these books.” Although Emerson’s views seem as if he looks down upon reading, it is actually quite the opposite. He believes reading is food for our minds but “one must be an inventor to read well.” Then, one can read creatively and write creatively as well (no more bookworm). With this in mind, Emerson warns us that colleges must not serve to drill past ideology into our heads (except history and exact science), but to create and find our own new truths. This idea is summed up in his last line,“Forget this, and our American colleges will recede in their public importance, whilst they grow richer every year.”
QUESTIONS
Using the introduction, The American Scholar, and the presentation, what is your opinion on Emerson’s views that reading about past thinkers discourages readers from creating their own ideas?
Do you think Emerson would approve of my presentation as I am talking about a past thinkers' ideas?
Do you agree that American colleges are incentivizing students to stick to truths of the past or do you believe it promotes creative thought?
Do you think as a society we are moving farther away from individual thought, creative reading, and creative writing? Is this an issue that should be addressed among college students? Why or why not?
“Man hopes: genius creates” What is your opinion on this statement?