Signature Assignment-Anatomy You are working as a healthcare professional at the San Antonio Hospital. Patient John Doe was brought by the ambulance to the ER. The triage nurse performed the general assessment on the patient and came up with the following information: Personal History: 65 years old, married with two children. Medical history: Diabetes Mellitus, Anemia, Hemiplegia Based on your study of Anatomy and using your critical thinking skills, please answer the following questions: A-Define the terms mentioned in Medical history. (PLO: 1) B-What are the adult normal values for the following: 1. Blood Glucose level 2. Blood Pressure 3. Blood Calcium levels 4. Hemoglobin C-Based on you knowledge of the normal values and Mr. Does condition, explain the homeostatic disturbance of each problem that Mr. Doe provides in his medical history. (PLO: 1, 3,4,5,6, and7). D- After reviewing the picture 1-3, please identify the requested items on the 4th pancreatic slide Picture #1: PANCREAS Stained with haematoxylin and eosin 1 - glandular acinus 2 - islet of Langerhans 3 - main duct 4 - interlobular duct 5 - interlobular connective tissue septa Picture #2 PANCREAS Stained with haematoxylin and eosin 1 - acinus 2 - islet of Langerhans 3 - interlobular connective tissue septa 4 - intralobular duct 5 - interlobular duct Picture #3 PANCREAS Stained with haematoxylin and eosin 1 - acinus 2 - islet of Langerhans 3 - interlobular connective tissue septa 4 - blood vessels Signature Assignment question: PANCREAS Stained with haematoxylin and eosin Please match the following four structures with the corresponding number on the picture: a) Islet of Langerhans b) Interlobular connective tissue septa c) Acinus d) Intralobular duct E- After reviewing the picture 1-3, please identify the right and left main coronary arteries on the provided picture. Picture #1 Picture #2 Picture #3 Signature Assignment question On the following heart identify the: a) Right coronary artery b) Left coronary artery F- What anatomic structures are involved in G.E.R.D.?

Signature Assignment-Anatomy You are working as a healthcare professional at the San Antonio Hospital. Patient John Doe was brought by the ambulance to the ER. The triage nurse performed the general assessment on the patient and came up with the following information: Personal History: 65 years old, married with two children. Medical history: Diabetes Mellitus, Anemia, Hemiplegia Based on your study of Anatomy and using your critical thinking skills, please answer the following questions: A-Define the terms mentioned in Medical history. (PLO: 1) B-What are the adult normal values for the following: 1. Blood Glucose level 2. Blood Pressure 3. Blood Calcium levels 4. Hemoglobin C-Based on you knowledge of the normal values and Mr. Does condition, explain the homeostatic disturbance of each problem that Mr. Doe provides in his medical history. (PLO: 1, 3,4,5,6, and7). D- After reviewing the picture 1-3, please identify the requested items on the 4th pancreatic slide Picture #1: PANCREAS Stained with haematoxylin and eosin 1 - glandular acinus 2 - islet of Langerhans 3 - main duct 4 - interlobular duct 5 - interlobular connective tissue septa Picture #2 PANCREAS Stained with haematoxylin and eosin 1 - acinus 2 - islet of Langerhans 3 - interlobular connective tissue septa 4 - intralobular duct 5 - interlobular duct Picture #3 PANCREAS Stained with haematoxylin and eosin 1 - acinus 2 - islet of Langerhans 3 - interlobular connective tissue septa 4 - blood vessels Signature Assignment question: PANCREAS Stained with haematoxylin and eosin Please match the following four structures with the corresponding number on the picture: a) Islet of Langerhans b) Interlobular connective tissue septa c) Acinus d) Intralobular duct E- After reviewing the picture 1-3, please identify the right and left main coronary arteries on the provided picture. Picture #1 Picture #2 Picture #3 Signature Assignment question On the following heart identify the: a) Right coronary artery b) Left coronary artery F- What anatomic structures are involved in G.E.R.D.?

User_9461 added on 05/16/16 at 01:37 AM (PST):

this assignment is due today before midnight 5/15/2016. You think you can do this. Thank you

User_9461 added on 05/16/16 at 01:57 AM (PST):

question A Define the terms in medical history?

Diabetes Mellitus

It is commonly referred as diabetes. It is a disease of the pancreas, an organ behind the stomach which produces the hormone insulin. insulin helps the body to use food for energy. When a person has diabetes, pancreas either cannot produce enough insulin, incorrectly uses insulin or both. It works together with glucose in the bloodstream in order to enter in bodys cells to be burned for energy. if the insulin is not working properly, glucose cannot enter the cells. This is why glucose levels in the blood to rise, by creating a condition called high blood sugar or diabetes. And leaving behind the cells without fuel. In order words, A group of metabolic diseases whereby a person (or other animal) has high blood sugar due to an inability to produce, metabolize, or respond to the hormone insulin.

Anemia

It is a condition that develops when your blood lacks enough healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a main part of red blood cells and it binds oxygen. If you have not enough or abnormal red blood cells. If hemoglobin is abnormal or low, the cells in your body will not get enough oxygen to bind with. one of the symptoms of anemia is fatigue, which occurs when organs are not getting what they need to function properly.

Hemiplegia

it is a condition that causes half of the body to be paralyzed. It is also referred to as Hemiparesis and is a form of cerebral palsy. it is caused by damage to one half of the brain, especially when that damage affects the parts of the brain which is responsible for motor movements. The half of the body affected depends on which half of the brain has been damaged.


Question B What are the adult normal values for the following:

Blood glucose level : 70-110 mg/dL
Blood pressure: 120/80 mm Hg
Blood calcium level: 8.8-10.4 mg/dL
Hemoglobin : Men 14-18 gms and Women 12-16 gms


Question C Based on you knowledge of the normal values and Mr. Does condition, explain the homeostatic disturbance of each problem that Mr. Doe provides in his medical history
Homeostatic disturbance of Diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus results from either hyposecreation or hypoactivity of insulin. After a meal, when insulin is either absent or deficient, blood glucose levels remain high because glucose is unable to enter most tissue cells. Ordinarily, when blood glucose levels rise, hyperglycemic hormones are not released, but when hyperglycemia becomes excessive, you start to feel nauseated. The nausea causes your body to enter the "flight-fright-frolic" response. This is a series of changes brought about by the Autonomic Nervous System and prolonged by certain members of your Endocrine System. The results are inappropriate because they normally occur in the hypoglycemic (fasting state) to make glucose available. The nausea triggers glycogenolysis (breakdown of glycogen), lipolysis(breakdown of fat) and gluconeogenesis. These cause the already high glucose levels to soar even higher and excess glucose begins to leave the body in the urine (glycosuria). When simple sugars, such as glucose, cannot be used as cellular fuel, more fats are mobilized and broken down for fuel. The fats produce a high fatty acid level in the blood, a condition called lipidemia or lipemia. The presence of acids in the blood increases a persons free H+ ion count which results in a lower than normal pH. This is referred to as acidosis. When a H+ ion is free, by itself, it contributes to acidity. The purpose of buffering is to combine the free H+ and take it out of body fluids. When that happens the pH of the blood increases (Becomes Basic). In severe cases of diabetes mellitus, blood levels of fatty acids and their metabolites (acetoacetic acid, acetone and others) rise dramatically. The metabolites, collectively called ketones or ketone bodies are organic acids. They work to push down your pH even more. Your acidosis becomes more severe. Since this is due to ketones the acidosis is renamed ketoacidosis. Excess ketones spill over into the urine from the kidneys. This is called ketonuria. Severe ketoacidosis is life threatening. One of the very good reasons to see your friendly Diabetologist if you suspect you are starting to lose control of your condition. The severe ketoacidosis causes the nervous system to initiate rapid deep breathing (hyperpnea) to blow off carbon dioxide from the blood with the net result of temporarily increasing your pH (buffers the blood). If ketoacidosis continues unchecked it will disrupt heart activity and oxygen transport, severely depress the nervous system which leads to coma and death.


Homeostatic disturbance of Anemia

Anemia is a homeostatic imbalance in the blood when there is low hematocrit, or lower count of red blood cells. Symptoms of anemia may be weakness, extreme fatigue, and confusion. Anemia can be caused from iron deficiency from a low-iron diet, excessive bleeding, or even lead poisoning. Another cause of anemia may be sickle-cell anemia. Sickle-cell anemia is caused by one amino acid change in DNA. The imbalance is called "sickle-cell," because the shape of the red blood cell takes on the look of a sickle. Having sickle-cell anemia can reduce the ability to exercise and makes transporting oxygen very difficult in the body.

Homeostatic disturbance of Hemiplegia
Injury to the nerve pathway that provides control of the muscles may occur on different occasions. The most common cause is stroke (CVA). Stroke can have different origins: the interruption of irrigation of part of the brain caused by a clot that blocks an artery or cerebral hemorrhage. They result in oxygen deprivation in a given area, in this case where the nerve cells die. Hemiplegia is set up very quickly but sometimes regresses more or less disabling sequelae. Trauma can also cause hemiplegia brutal and immediate. Hemiplegia which occur more gradually they are caused by brain tumors, infections (encephalitis and brain abscess). If hemiplegia for the left or right side of the body, different body parts can be touched together or not: the arm and / or leg and / or sometimes the face. Hemiplegia is caused by damage to central nervous system (brain and spinal cord): the execution orders of movements are not transmitted to the muscles. In addition to motor problems, other functions can be altered as memory or sensitivity.



D- After reviewing the picture 1-3, please identify the requested items on the 4th pancreatic slide

Answer D Interlobular duct



E- After reviewing the picture 1-3, please identify the right and left main coronary arteries on the provided picture.

a) Right coronary artery: 2

b) Left coronary artery: 5



F- What anatomic structures are involved in G.E.R.D.?

esophagus, LES (lower esophagus sprinter) & stomach