chemistry exp

chemistry exp

User_10215 added on 10/14/16 at 12:29 AM (PST):

you performed my last exp good job received 13 out of 15 points, just please follow direction a little closer. thank you

User_10215 added on 10/20/16 at 08:56 PM (PST):

I thought you were the gentlemen who did my last project may be not. your format is wrong for my instructor, the paper must be formated like this .
EXPERIMENT 4
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
Material and Reagents: Baking soda, white vinegar, liquid dish soap, food coloring (red), and a disposable cup.
Procedure
1. In the disposable cup, mix one tablespoon of baking soda, one tablespoon of liquid dish soap and a few drops of dissolved red food coloring.
2. Take the mixture outside and place it on a box lid
3. Into the mixture, add a quarter cup of white vinegar
4. Make observations and wash the residue away.
Required:
1. Make observations
2. Find the chemical formulas of baking soda and vinegar
3. Write balanced chemical reaction
4. Discuss the observations made
Safety and first aid
The chemicals used in the experiment together with their reaction products do not pose any specific safety hazards. However, spillages of foam might cause stains in surfaces, upholstery or clothes as a result of using food color. It is also important to avoid skin contact with the mixture because it can cause a burning sensation and irritation. If this should happen, the only first aid needed is to wash the affected area with water.
Observations
Upon adding vinegar to the baking soda and soap mixture, there was the immediate formation of red foam which started rising and overflowing the cup into the box lid. In less than 3 minutes, the foam had settled with only a few bubbles left.
Chemical formulas
Baking soda is sodium bicarbonate which is a base and its chemical formula is NaHCO3
Vinegar is dilute acetic acid and its chemical formula is CH3COOH (HC2H3O2)
The reaction between baking soda and vinegar
The reaction takes place in two stages:
In the first reaction, a double displacement reaction occurs whereby acetic acid reacts with sodium bicarbonate to form sodium acetate and weak carbonic acid as follows:
NaHCO3 (s) + HC2H3O2 (aq) NaC2H3O2 (l) +H2CO3 (aq)
In the second reaction, the weak carbonic acid undergoes a decomposition reaction to form water and carbon dioxide gas as follows:
H2CO3 (aq) H2O (l) + CO2 (g)
Discussion
The baking soda and vinegar experiment is not a true representation of the mechanism by which volcanoes erupt but demonstrates a chemical reaction between an acid and a base. The reaction between the two chemicals forms a salt, water and carbon dioxide gas.
The reaction was immediate because the ratio of baking soda and vinegar was high and the vinegar was added to the baking soda and not the other way round. The foam was as a result of carbon dioxide gas which escapes the solution in form of bubbles. These bubbles are heavier than air and as a result they displace the air and collect at the surface of the liquid and as their numbers increase; the foam rises and overflows the cup. In the experiment, the dish soap is used to collect the gas in order to form small bubbles or a smooth overflow. Without it, the bubbles would be fizzy and large.
The experiment is used in elementary schools to recreate volcanic eruption whereby a mould that represents a mountain is made around a bottle to resemble a vent through which lava flows out. The reagents are then mixed inside the bottle which in this experiment was a cup and this produces a scene just like that of a volcanic eruption.
Conclusion
When an acid and a base are mixed together, they neutralize each other to form salt and water plus carbon dioxide gas which build up in the container and overflows just like in a volcanic eruption.
References
http://www.chemicalformula.org/baking-soda
http://chemistry.about.com/od/molecularformulas/a/Vinegar-Chemical-Formula.htm
http://www.instructables.com/id/How-to-Make-a-Model-Volcano-Erupt/
http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemicalreactions/f/What-Is-The-Equation-For-The-Reaction-Between-Baking-Soda-And-Vinega