Answer all questions on the study guide

General Psychology Proctored Midterm Exam -Study Guide Chapters 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, & 7 1.Why is Psychology considered a scientific discipline? Psychology is a scientific discipline because it is a systematic and controlled study of human behavior, with the hope of establishing cause and effect relationships or describing behavior. 2.What is the definition of Psychology? The scientific study of the human mind and its functions, especially those affecting behavior in a given context 3.What discipline is William Wundt responsible for founding? Wundt founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research. 4.Know about the historical theories of structuralism and functionalism Structuralism suggests that the goal of psychology is to study the structure of the mind and consciousness, while functionalism puts forth that understanding the purpose of the mind and consciousness is the aim of psychology. 5.What theory is John Watson responsible for creating? The theory of behaviorism. 6.Know about the different methods of research to include the pros and cons of each. (surveys, naturalistic observations, ..) Case study pro, Case study con, Survey pro, Survey con, Naturalistic observations pro, Naturalistic observations con, Correlation research pro, Correlation research con, Experimental research pro, Experimental research con. 7.What is correlational research attempting to discover? Describe, Explain, Predict, Control. 8.Know the different Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct that are covered in Chapter 1. 9.Know all the parts and functions of the neuron. 10.What makes up the Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System and how do they function? 11.Know about the functions of the hypothalamus, amygdala, hippocampus, and medulla. 12.What is lesioning? 13.Be familiar with “split-brain” research. 14.What are the definitions of Sensation and Perception? 15.What is the absolute threshold? 16.Know all parts of the eye and their function. 17.What is the trichromatic theory? 18.Know the parts and functions of the ear. 19.What does olfaction mean? 20.What are the sensory receptors of our sense of taste? 21.What is the Muller-Lyer illusion? 22.What is the definition of consciousness? 23.What are some examples of drifting consciousness? 24.Know about circadian rhythm. 25.What is a lucid dream? 26.Be familiar with different sleep disorders and able to identify examples. (Insomnia, sleep terror disorder, sleep apnea, and narcolepsy.) 27.What is mindfulness meditation? 28.What are stimulants and depressant drugs? 29.Be familiar with the research concerning alcohol usage among college students. 30.Know about amphetamines. 31.What is the most widely used illicit drug in the United States? 32.Know about classical conditioning. (US, UR, CS, CR) Be able to identify in an examples. 33.Who proposed the Law of Effect and what is it? 34.Know about operant conditioning. 35.What are negative and positive reinforcements? Identify examples. 36.What is the definitionof successive approximations? 37.What is avoidance learning? 38.What is insight learning? 39.Know the definition of memory. 40.What is a mental picture? 41.Know about flashbulb memories. 42.Know all about the three-stage model of memory. 43.What is the definition of maintenance rehearsal and know examples. 44.What are short term memory and long term memory? 45.What are declarative and procedural memories? 46.Be familiar with research regarding eyewitness testimony. 47.What is the serial position effect? 48.What is a mnemonic device? 49.What is a mental image? 50.What is a mental set? 51.Know about divergent thinking. 52.How do children acquire language? 53.Know about Binet’s method of intelligence testing. 54.What factors contribute to narrowing the racial gap in IQ? 55.Know about the gender differences in cognitive abilities.