You may answer directly on the question sheet OR answer on separate paper, but you need to turn in the questions and TYPED answers. Please staple the pages together. Be sure you answer in complete sentences when the question requires it. YOU ARE REQUIRED to identify your evidence source/s, including page numbers (if available) in a parenthetical citation, i.e., (Villa slide #4), or (class notes, Jan 15), or (Drier, King article, paragraph xii). FAILURE TO CITE SOURCES WHEN REQUIRED WILL RESULT IN A PENALTY FOR THE EXERCISE. 1. In a 1987 article in The Journal of American History, Vincent Harding, a close friend and ally of Martin Luther King, Harding claimed that Americas political and media elites had willfully ignored much of Kings fundamental criticism of American society. Instead, said Harding, King was being turned into a plaster saint, an acceptable black preacher who should be remembered only for his hope that one day little black children and little white children would be judged not on the basis of their color but on the content of their character. Essentially, said Harding, Americans were embracing willful amnesia, creating an image of a King who had challenged unfairness in the American system without challenging the system itself-------in his words, making King into an acceptable----that is, non-radical---Civil Rights icon, now that he was safely dead. Peter Drier, in the article you read entitled Martin Luther King was a Democratic Socialist, builds on Hardings arguments, maintaining that the greatness of King included his moral campaign for basic civil rights for all but that our knowledge and appreciation of King should not stop there. Based on his article, explain how Drier justifies his claim that King was a radical who challenged Americas class system and its racial caste system, a challenge which King said was necessary to confront Americas triple evils of racism, militarism, and extreme materialism. THIS ESSAY should be no less than 150 words, and is worth ten points. Use specific evidence and Identify specific sections in the Drier article from which you take your evidence. 2. Drier claimed that if King were alive he would be standing with Americans involved in several current social and economic struggles----living wage and union battles, immigrant rights, controls on Wall Street banks, police brutality, mass incarceration, LGBT rights, and others. As we discussed in class, it is risky for someone to make such claims about a person long dead unless he/she is certain those claims can be logically defended. What specific evidence from Kings life and work from his article could Drier use to support his claims about where King would stand in the context of todays struggles? We had good discussions on this, but your answer is not to be an opinion piece-----your object here is to use specific evidence from the article to explain Driers logic, not respond to it personally. This essay should be at least 125-150 words, for ten points. Cite sections from the Drier article. 3. In Jim Rutenbergs NY Times article on the Voting Rights Act, Drier refers to a key provision of the 1965 law called Section 5. To whom did Section 5 apply, and what did the act require? Answer in five or six sentences for five points, cite your source/s. 4. In 2010, writes Rutenberg, several state legislatures under Republican control took steps which were ostensibly designed to control voter fraud. What were some of these steps? Answer in four of five sentences, OR simply list the steps, for five points. 5. What did the Supreme Court decide about Section 5 in Shelby County v. Holder, 2013? Five points, cite your source/s. 6. Why do Civil Rights activists object to the Shelby County decision? What do they mean when they talk about our Selma? Use specific evidence, cite your source/s for five points. 7. Based on your insights from the movie And Starring Pancho Villa as Himself, and from specific evidence from posted materials on Blackboard, why was it logical for Villa to join the revolutionary struggle in Mexico? Answer in no less than 75-100 words, for five points. Cite sources. 8. According to the short biography of Pancho Villa in the Encyclopedia of Latin America, Villa had several interrelated key reasons for expropriat[ing] the estates of the landed oligarchy. Explain his motives for expropriation, in no less than five or six sentences, for five points. 9. BONUS, FOR UP TO FIVE POINTS: Most historians agree that the 1917 Mexican Constitution was a remarkably revolutionary and forward-looking achievement. (Sadly, since about 1940, the revolutionary promise of the Constitution has been badly forsaken). List several examples of specific evidence from Article 27 and Article 123 of the Constitution that would have been applauded by Revolutionaries like Villa and Emiliano Zapata.

You may answer directly on the question sheet OR answer on separate paper, but you need to turn in the questions and TYPED answers. Please staple the pages together. Be sure you answer in complete sentences when the question requires it. YOU ARE REQUIRED to identify your evidence source/s, including page numbers (if available) in a parenthetical citation, i.e., (Villa slide #4), or (class notes, Jan 15), or (Drier, King article, paragraph xii). FAILURE TO CITE SOURCES WHEN REQUIRED WILL RESULT IN A PENALTY FOR THE EXERCISE. 1. In a 1987 article in The Journal of American History, Vincent Harding, a close friend and ally of Martin Luther King, Harding claimed that Americas political and media elites had willfully ignored much of Kings fundamental criticism of American society. Instead, said Harding, King was being turned into a plaster saint, an acceptable black preacher who should be remembered only for his hope that one day little black children and little white children would be judged not on the basis of their color but on the content of their character. Essentially, said Harding, Americans were embracing willful amnesia, creating an image of a King who had challenged unfairness in the American system without challenging the system itself-------in his words, making King into an acceptable----that is, non-radical---Civil Rights icon, now that he was safely dead. Peter Drier, in the article you read entitled Martin Luther King was a Democratic Socialist, builds on Hardings arguments, maintaining that the greatness of King included his moral campaign for basic civil rights for all but that our knowledge and appreciation of King should not stop there. Based on his article, explain how Drier justifies his claim that King was a radical who challenged Americas class system and its racial caste system, a challenge which King said was necessary to confront Americas triple evils of racism, militarism, and extreme materialism. THIS ESSAY should be no less than 150 words, and is worth ten points. Use specific evidence and Identify specific sections in the Drier article from which you take your evidence. 2. Drier claimed that if King were alive he would be standing with Americans involved in several current social and economic struggles----living wage and union battles, immigrant rights, controls on Wall Street banks, police brutality, mass incarceration, LGBT rights, and others. As we discussed in class, it is risky for someone to make such claims about a person long dead unless he/she is certain those claims can be logically defended. What specific evidence from Kings life and work from his article could Drier use to support his claims about where King would stand in the context of todays struggles? We had good discussions on this, but your answer is not to be an opinion piece-----your object here is to use specific evidence from the article to explain Driers logic, not respond to it personally. This essay should be at least 125-150 words, for ten points. Cite sections from the Drier article. 3. In Jim Rutenbergs NY Times article on the Voting Rights Act, Drier refers to a key provision of the 1965 law called Section 5. To whom did Section 5 apply, and what did the act require? Answer in five or six sentences for five points, cite your source/s. 4. In 2010, writes Rutenberg, several state legislatures under Republican control took steps which were ostensibly designed to control voter fraud. What were some of these steps? Answer in four of five sentences, OR simply list the steps, for five points. 5. What did the Supreme Court decide about Section 5 in Shelby County v. Holder, 2013? Five points, cite your source/s. 6. Why do Civil Rights activists object to the Shelby County decision? What do they mean when they talk about our Selma? Use specific evidence, cite your source/s for five points. 7. Based on your insights from the movie And Starring Pancho Villa as Himself, and from specific evidence from posted materials on Blackboard, why was it logical for Villa to join the revolutionary struggle in Mexico? Answer in no less than 75-100 words, for five points. Cite sources. 8. According to the short biography of Pancho Villa in the Encyclopedia of Latin America, Villa had several interrelated key reasons for expropriat[ing] the estates of the landed oligarchy. Explain his motives for expropriation, in no less than five or six sentences, for five points. 9. BONUS, FOR UP TO FIVE POINTS: Most historians agree that the 1917 Mexican Constitution was a remarkably revolutionary and forward-looking achievement. (Sadly, since about 1940, the revolutionary promise of the Constitution has been badly forsaken). List several examples of specific evidence from Article 27 and Article 123 of the Constitution that would have been applauded by Revolutionaries like Villa and Emiliano Zapata.