Dietary Fats Assignment

Dietary Fats Assignment Based on what you have learned thus far in chapter 1 - 6, including the new knowledge gained during our discussions (e.g., nutrition-related diseases, human metabolism & digestion, nutraceuticals), develop a 'pro&con' argument for or against '99.9% fat-free' food choices or low-fat diets (<20-15% fat) for the general American population (who does not have familial hyperlipidemia or drug-induced, secondary hyperlipidemia). Then, elucidate on trans-fatty acids in the American diet. Answer the following questions and provide at least 2 recent scientific references (from peer-reviewed journal articles) to support each of your answers -- cited in-text and referenced in APA format. Please copy & paste Question 1 & 2 (with sub-questions) into your document and type your answer below each respective question. Assignment Questions: In terms of health promotion and disease prevention, do you think that '99.9% fat-free' food choices are beneficial for the average American? (21 points worth -- expected are 450 words or more of your own thoughts, and the use of at least 2 recent scientific, peer-reviewed journal articles cited in-text and referenced in APA format to support your argument). Considering the human metabolism, are there 'good fats and bad fats', and is low fat or fat-free a good idea to promote health for Americans? 7 points (150 words or more) If individuals choose 'low-fat' or '99.9% fat-free' foods, what valuable nutrients and nutraceuticals might they miss (if any)? 7 points (150 words or more) If individuals choose 'low-fat' or '99.9% fat-free' foods, what foods are consumed instead to 'make up for the calories' (if any)? 7 points (150 words or more) Please INCLUDE your word count, and a summary sentence answering the question "do you think that '99.9% fat-free' food choices are beneficial for the average American?" 2. Name at least 5 food sources of trans-fatty acids, and explain why the American Heart Association and many other health agencies caution against their consumption? (9 points worth). Expected are 200 words or more of your own thoughts, and the use of at least 2 recent scientific, peer-reviewed journal articles cited in-text and referenced in APA format to support your argument). INCLUDE your word count. Please refer to the Scientific Nutrition Discussion Forums Overview site for additional grading criteria (e.g., whereas properly APA referenced quotes for occasional direct citations are welcome, 'copy&paste contributions above 40 words' are not acceptable and lead to '6-7 points deduction' in each section). Also, missing word counts will result in the deduction of 2 points in each section. To get you started, here are some recent 'food for thought' articles (you do not have to use these articles, but remember to use at least 4 recent scientific, peer-reviewed journal articles as references for your answer to question 1. and 2. listed above): http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26768850 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. ; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4586572/?report=classic (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23378452 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. ; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25178568 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26735796 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27215959 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. ; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26746178 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. Other interesting articles on the topic of 'lipids' include: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4985840/ (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Evidence from randomised controlled trials does not support current dietary fat guidelines: a systematic review and meta-analysis) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4997376/ (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Saturated Fats Versus Polyunsaturated Fats Versus Carbohydrates for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention and Treatment) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4532752/ (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Intake of saturated and trans unsaturated fatty acids and risk of all cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26011901 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Palm Oil Consumption Increases LDL Cholesterol Compared with Vegetable Oils Low in Saturated Fat in a Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials.) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27648593 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.(Theoretical effects of substituting butter with margarine on risk of cardiovascular disease.) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26016869 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (Replacement of saturated with unsaturated fats had no impact on vascular function but beneficial effects on lipid biomarkers, E-selectin, and blood pressure: results from the randomized, controlled Dietary Intervention and VAScular function (DIVAS) study.) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27543472 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (A randomized study of coconut oil versus sunflower oil on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with stable coronary heart disease.) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25997382 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. (The role of dietary coconut for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease: potential mechanisms of action.)